EXPLANATION TEXT PART III

 PRICILLA AUDREY (28)

XII IPS 1

Good morning dear, Today is the last day of Explanation Text material. And these are all conclusions from the material. Read and understand okay

💣 Definition Explanation Text

Explanation text is one type of text in English that describes a process. Talking about the process, this text is almost the same as procedure text. However, if procedure text describes how to do something (process), this text explains how a process occurs. That way, we can know that explanation text serves to provide information to the reader about a process.

💣 Characteristics of Explanation Text

There are several characteristics of this text, namely :

1. Using Simple Present Tense

This text uses the Simple Present Tense because this text describes facts.

2. Using Action Verbs

Action Verbs are verbs that are used to describe an action that is taking place. Examples are do, make, create, and so on.

3. Using Passive Voices

The use of Passive Voices aims to emphasize the focus on the happenings rather than the subject.

4. Using Noun Phrases

5. Using the Technical Terms

These technical terms refer to technical terms related to the topics discussed in this text

6. Contains an explanation of the process

💣 Generic Structure of Explanation Text

There are two parts of the Explanation Text, namely:

1. General Statement

Contains general information about the topic to be discussed in the text.

2. Explanation

Contains a series of events (sequence of events) of a process which is the topic of the text. We can also explain by using why and how questions, so that our explanation is more comprehensive.

3. Closing

The closing or closing section is optional or does not have to be in this text. This section may contain additional information or the author's opinion on the topic covered.

💣 Language Feature Explanation Text

Explanation text has language features, namely :

• Using the present tense, because the explanation text discusses a fact.
• Using complex noun groups, it aims to build detailed descriptions for example, 'Threatening', 'Rampaging' or 'Enormous' and many more.
• Using abstract nouns such as 'heat', 'earthquakes', 'floods', and others.
• Use sentences with clear subjects and use the verb agreement.
• Using action verbs to explain the cause of the phenomenon under discussion such as 'from' or 'started from'.
• Use an adverbial phrase from a time and place to tell when and where the incident took place. For example. ‘Its is to be found in Sulawesi, Indonesia’.
• Use conjunctions to link time sequences in causal order. For example 'after', 'finally', 'so', 'then' and others.
• Using passive voice which is useful for emphasizing the focus of events that are taking place.
• Using time conjunctions, for example, 'when', 'as'. This time conjunction is to order and connect events so that the written text is more fluid. This time conjunction can be placed first in a sentence to focus the reader's attention.
• Use technical terms or word chains about the subject.

💣 Types of Explanation Text

when writing explanation text, of course we already know that the phenomenon we want to explain does exist and then explain why and how a phenomenon can occur. To write an explanation text you must have and seek a lot of knowledge before starting to write. There are several types of explanation text.

The first is a text that describes an event or how something works. For example, how cars work, or how computers work until natural events such as how landslides can occur, how mountains can erupt and others.

The second type of explanation text is a text that explains why something happened. For example, why the mirror in the bathroom can fog up when we take a hot shower, why owls are more active at night, why humans close their eyes when sneezing, and so on.

For the third type is to explain the similarities and differences in objects. This type of text deals with the topic of science and technology in which the explanation of a natural or non-natural phenomenon occurs. For example how a tornado can form, how sound can move, how cell phones work, why a tsunami can occur and so on.

Explanation text also contains explanations about the relationship between humans and the human environment, for example how cotton can be processed into clothes, why humans should exercise and consume healthy foods, how milk can be processed into yogurt and others.

💣 Purpose of Explanation Text

The purpose of Explanation Text is to explain the processes that occur in the formation of something or activities related to natural, social, scientific, cultural, and other phenomena that aim to explain why and how this can happen.

If you still don't understand the material above, here is a video about a more detailed explanation

5 Question about Explanation Text

Can lightning strike the same place twice? Let's figure out what makes it happen in the first place.

Lighting is electricity, and electricity involves tiny particles. Some particles have a positive charge and some have a negative charge. The two opposite charges pull towards each other like the north and south ends of magnets.

Usually electric charges are fairly balanced but the turbulent winds of a storm caused electric charges to separates within the cloud.

Most lightning occurs within the cloud itself, but we're concerned about the lightning between clouds and the ground.

Lightning starts with negative charges moving from the clouds towards the ground. Scientists call it a stepped leader. Meanwhile an upward leader forms as positive charges move up from the ground usually from tall objects when a stepped leader and an upward leader meet, it makes a path for a much larger and brighter electric current to shoot up into the cloud. This is what we see in the sky as lightning. It happened so quickly that lightning seems to travel from the cloud to the ground.

When in fact the opposite is true. So, can lightning strike the same place twice? Absolutely.

For example Toronto CN Tower is struck by lightning around seventy five times each year. In fact in August 2011 the tower was shocked a record-breaking 52 times in 84 minutes. But don't worry the tower was built to withstand it. So it's a safe place to be if lightning strikes once twice or even 52 times.

1. What does the text above explain you about?
A. The frequency of lightning strikes
B. How does lightning work?
C. How the electricity was formed?
D. How the lightning strikes the ground


2. According to the text above, how was the electricity formed?
A. Electricity was formed when negative and positive particles separated.
B. When the lightning struck the tall objects.
C. When the clouds collide.
D. When the two opposite; positive and negative charges pull towards each other.


3. What is stepped leader on the text above?
A. The negative charges from the clouds that moving to the ground.
B. The positive charges from the clouds that strikes the tall objects.
C. The clouds with electricity charges.
D. The positive charges from the ground.


4. What happens when stepped leader and upward leader meet?
A. The lightning hits the tall objects.
B. The sky is sparking.
C. The lightning travel from the cloud to the ground.
D. The lightning is formed.

How Do Planes Fly?

It's a plane, an object what can weigh up to 500 tons. How can a giant piece of metal fly and stay up in the sky? 

For a plane to stay in flight it needs four forces to work together. Thrust, lift, weight or gravity and drag.

Thrust is what keeps the plane moving forward. Depending on the plane there are different methods to produce thrust. Jets will use its jet engine while other planes such as a crop duster will use a propeller.

Lift is what keeps the plane up and is one of the reasons why a plane has wings shaped the way they are. Many plane's wings are curved at the top and smoother at the bottom. This allows the air passing over the wing to move faster which decreases the air pressure since the air pressure above the wing is lower than the air pressure below the wing. It causes the plane to lift.

Drag is the force that slows the plane down. You've probably experienced drag when you had to walk against the strong wind or have gone skiing down a hill.

For a plane to stay in flight it must have stronger lift than drag similar to how the wings help with increasing lift, the shape of the wings will also help with decreasing drag.

Weight is caused by gravity and is what forces the plane down. The plane is designed the way it is to distribute the weight evenly throughout rather than concentrated in specific areas.

When all four forces are working together this causes the plane to fly lift and weight work together to move the plane up and down, while thrust and drag work together to speed and slow the plane down.

Lastly you should always have a pilot just like a captain steers a ship the pilot steers the plane to its final destination so that answer how the planes fly.

5. What makes planes fly?
A. Thrust, lift, gravity, drag.
B. Wings, wind, and pilot.
C. Thrust, gravity, wings, winds.
D. Pilot, engine, wings and air.


6. Thrust is what keeps the plane moving forward. (first paragraph)
The word thrust has same meaning with . . . . .
A. Energy
B. Power
C. Aerodynamic
D. Driving force


7. According to the text, why are the plane's wings smooth at the bottom part?
A. Because it allows the planes to fly smoothly.
B. To decrease the air pressure.
C. Because it allows the air passing over the wing to move slower.
D. To increase the air pressure.